The vast majority of large forgings are critical components in machinery and equipment, with particularly strict quality requirements. Due to their large volume and size, they are often forged directly from steel ingots, resulting in complex production processes and numerous factors that affect the quality of large forgings and are difficult to control. Therefore, defects and waste products are prone to occur, causing significant economic losses.

Spray cooling. Use a fan to atomize the water flowing out of the water pipe and blow it onto the forging for cooling. Air cooling. Forged parts are cooled by blowing air.

Closed die forging uses front baffle positioning to control the volume of deformed metal, so closed die forging is mostly used. The advantage is that it does not require a trimming process, but it is generally prone to longitudinal burrs, which must be removed by grinding with a grinder.

Different forging deformation methods, such as free forging, open die forging, closed die forging, extrusion, upsetting, high-speed die forging, rolling, etc., essentially involve applying different forms of thermal and mechanical conditions to the blank through corresponding forging equipment processing and molds, resulting in different physical fields and microstructural property evolution processes. The quality of the same forging varies greatly depending on whether the selection of deformation method is reasonable or optimal. Incorrect selection may prevent the forming process from being realized, while unreasonable selection may make forming difficult and prone to many quality defects.