Different forging deformation methods during forging of forgings

2024-08-14 15:20:25

Different forging deformation methods, such as free forging, open die forging, closed die forging, extrusion, upsetting, high-speed die forging, rolling, etc., essentially involve applying different forms of thermal and mechanical conditions to the blank through corresponding forging equipment processing and molds, resulting in different physical fields and microstructural property evolution processes. The quality of the same forging varies greatly depending on whether the selection of deformation method is reasonable or optimal. Incorrect selection may prevent the forming process from being realized, while unreasonable selection may make forming difficult and prone to many quality defects.

The forging process parameters such as deformation temperature, deformation speed, and deformation degree are obviously directly related to the quality of forgings. For example, for ingots or certain materials, it is necessary to compact the structure and refine the grains through deformation. If the forging deformation is small, the expected effect cannot be obtained; Some non-ferrous metals, especially high-strength aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, etc., require small deformation speeds and appropriate degrees of deformation, and are suitable for forming on presses, which helps to avoid cracking.

The quality of forgings is also related to the design of forgings and forging dies. The selection of machining allowance and forging tolerance should be based on reality. If it is specified to be too small, due to surface defects and dimensional errors, mechanical processing can easily result in waste products; The design of the parting surface, forging inclination, fillet radius, skin size, and flash structure of forgings will affect the flow filling quality of the metal; Neglecting the setting of the lock buckle may result in the stainless steel forging dimensions exceeding the tolerance due to the misalignment of the upper and lower molds. In addition, the installation and fastening, preheating, cooling and lubrication of forging dies should comply with regulations, and any violations should be checked and corrected in a timely manner.